Effet d’un fertilisant (fiente de poule) sur la productivité de trois variétés de tournesol (helianthus annuus L.) dans les hauts plateaux de l’ouest Cameroun.

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the fourth most important oil seed plant in the world. It is therefore an important component of daily diets. Despite the expansion of its production in Cameroon, information related to sunflower productivity remains uncertain. A test on its productivity was conducted and took place from January 04 to April 30, 2021. It took place in the Menoua department in West Cameroon. The general objective of the study was to contribute to the improvement of the productivity of three varieties of sunflower by evaluating the performance of sunflower cultivation under the effect of Poultry manure. For this purpose, to achieve this goal, Poultry manure was used to assess the growth and yield of the three varieties of sunflower. The treatment was compared using a three-repetition Split-Plot device. The data collected concerned the growth parameters (diameter at the crown, height of plants, and number of leaves), yields parameters (diameter of the head, percentage of plants spilled and dry seed yield per variety) and the development stages of each variety. Data analysis was done using R software to study the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and homogeneity, then analysis of variances was also performed. The results revealed that Poultry manure did not have a significantly different effect on growth (P˃0.05). On the other hand, yield parameters have significantly effect. Arrangement between Poultry manure and varieties had comparable effects on sunflower growth and yield (P˂0.05). The V2S2 variety (785.00 Kg.ha-1) proved to be the best suited for seed production followed by V3S3 (737.54 Kg.ha-1) and finally V1S1 (470.08 Kg.ha -1).On the other hand, the yield on the untreated plots (control) shows that the V3S0 (693.33 Kg.ha-1) is the best adapted followed by V2S0 (663.33 Kg.ha-1) and at the end V1S0 (367, 66 Kg.ha-1).The V1 variety is the earliest (99 days) unlike V2 and V3 which is 114 days on the treated plots.