Le développement par l’action des populations locales et la naissance des microprojets : le cas des associations et des tontines dans la ville de Yaoundé II-centre Cameroun

Abstract

This research is the result of a study carried out among associations and tontines in the city of Yaoundé II. In order to be able to understand, explain the reasons for their emergence, but also raise the question of their participation in the well-being of populations. To achieve this, we engaged in an exercise, first to construct a central issue, that of examining how associations and tontines, through micro-projects, participate in improving the living conditions of populations. We hypothesize on this issue that associations and tontines are concerned about the permanent improvement of the living conditions of the populations on a daily basis. They provide solutions by setting up micro-projects that will promote this sought-after well-being and participate in development activities. They are listening to local populations and are keen to change their social situation and identify concrete solutions. During the study, the approach adopted is analytical in nature. The theoretical framework chosen is the constructivist approach in order to be able to explain the contribution of associations and tontines in the development process, subsequently, next, the strategic analysis approach which is appropriate for any study of the logics of interaction within organized groups. In order to obtain information making it possible to verify the hypotheses, from associations and tontines, to analyze and analyze these field data, the research has favored as data collection tools, the qualitative collection technique from which the research is based. Supports, in particular interviews using an interview guide, direct observation, and documentary research. The quantitative method has also had its place, the simple random sampling technique by randomly selecting associations and tontines and focus groups understand in depth the behaviors or attitudes. The results of the study show that associations and tontines constitute an effective response, providing solutions to the many social problems expressed by local populations. But on the other hand, they face serious challenges: the tight control of associations by the administration, the banking of tontines in Africa. The interest of the study allows these organizations to be included among those which fit into the realities of African societies and their existence requires their consideration in any development project, because they capture the priority needs of all the realities of said societies. And which States must rely on. Associations and tontines are thus of great importance for the local populations.