Discontinuité-continuité affective du cadre familial et comportements addictifs aux substances psychoactives chez les adolescents scolarisés

Abstract

This thesis is entitled "discontinuity-affective continuity of the family environment and addictive behaviors to psychoactive substances in school adolescents". The issue of addiction to psychoactive substances among Cameroonian school-going adolescents knows its acne. Since then, not a week can go by without recording one or more cases of drug use in Cameroonian high schools and colleges with the behaviors that accompany them despite the measures taken by the public authorities and international organizations. Through physiological, psychological and social changes, the adolescent lives and evolves in a setting. Which is bound to found the feeling of permanence, security and continuity of being. The framework can become for him the receptacle of the "undifferentiated", "psychotic", or "symbiotic" parts of his personality. The latter always poses the problem of lack, of defect leading to crises. In other words, the equivalence between mother-framegroup or "the primitive apparatus, between the intrapsychic and the interpsychic" "becomes blurred". It is the adolescent in school experiences the crisis of systems built to ensure security, continuity, containment, conservation and resources that as exposure to drugs. Recompositions, absences, misunderstandings, reshuffles in this context are sometimes a source of discomfort, malaise and will arouse in the adolescent a need to be governed by a leader (Caïd), an authority. Because, this one although external, reassures. However, the psyche cannot be maintained if some of its desires, its anxieties are not substantiated. Addiction makes you bear the unbearable. It presents itself as a search for pleasure or relief, a reflection of narcissistic fragility and difficulties in using internal resources. It replaces emotions with sensations. Thus, we had hypothesized that the affective discontinuitycontinuity of the family environment potentiates and interferes in the consumption of psychoactive substances among schooled adolescents. The research is part of a comprehensive approach based on a qualitative estimate whose data collection instrument is an interview guide. The analysis of the main results obtained reports a scopic, non-reflexive framework and a defect of an area of creativity leading to a breach of the narcissistic contract or better the disaffiliation attests to a malaise that the adolescent tries to inhibit, calm, anesthetize by the consumption of psychoactive substances.