Socialisme et démocratie en afrique, une analyse du modèle de gouvernance chez Julius Nyerere

Abstract

The problem of governance in Africa is the subject of many questions today. These questions are sometimes endorsed by the regime, sometimes by African politicians, and even by outside powers continuing to manipulate Africa in the name of an old history of colonial paternalism. However, a careful reading of African Socialism, by Julius K. Nyerere gives glimpse to the traditional vestiges of socialism which have raised certain countries of the world among the great powers. These include the hard work, solidarity and hospitality around which Africa has built its values since the pre-colonial period. Speaking of democracy, seen today as the best political regime, Julius K. Nyerere thinks that this regime is no stranger to Africa, much less a variegation of the problems of this continent. According to the Tanzanian politician, Africa has, since ancient times, held the values that democracy embodies. Indeed, democracy was born out of solidarity, respect for human dignity, sharing, human rights and freedom which are nothing more than the identity of a traditional Africa. Thus with Julius K. Nyerere, the symbiosis between socialism and democracy will meet the expectations of the continent. This socialism is also perceptible in Léopold Sédar Senghor through his project of Negritude. African unity will therefore be premised on socialism and democracy, rejecting capitalism and class struggle. This project carried by the concept of Ujamaa as another possibility of take-off at Julius K. Nyerere. United, autonomous and socialist, Africa will see its development and a new mentality based on the responsibility of all. In this way, the development will shine in quality and quantity. From this angle, the socialism of Julius K. Nyerere becomes a pivot for the liberation and development of Africa, because it breaks with colonial education to promote a new education adequate for Africa. All this is dependent on good governance which takes off on the mix of socialism and democracy. This is what makes the relevance and originality of the socialism of Julius K. Nyerere. The urgency is therefore to rethink African policy under the auspices of this Tanzanian politician in order to curb the problems which overwhelm governance in Africa, which continues to sink into recurring coup d’état. Keywords: