Le rôle des acteurs publics et privés dans le maintien de la durabilité environnementale dans la gestion durable des ressources forestières : Cas de l’arrondissement de Mengang

Abstract

Due to rapid population growth and uncontrolled excessive industrialization, the world is facing major environmental challenges at the start of the 21st century. Since the 1992 Rio summit, the loss of the world's forests has become a major source of concern. According to the FAO (2015), the forest area per capita has decreased from 0.8 to 0.6 hectares per capita worldwide. Thus, while the planet had 4218 million hectares of forest in 1990, it only has 3999 hectares in 2015. Each year, 5 to 7 million hectares of forest are transformed into agricultural plantations (FAO, 2005). In Cameroon, the downward trend in forest resources is also worrying (FAO, 2010). With a national deforestation rate of 0.6%, Cameroon has lost around 2 million hectares of forest since 1980 (FAO, 2010). In the subdivision of Mengang, this trend continues despite the large number of initiatives in favor of sustainable forest management. Our research work consists in identifying these initiatives in order to detect their strength and their limits. To carry out our study, our work uses a hypothetico-deductive methodology. Thus, after having collected the data in a large number of documents and conducted interviews with many resource persons, we submitted 366 people from our study area to questionnaire surveys. The results of this study reveal that the main initiatives for the sustainable management of forest resources in the subdivision concern the adoption of laws, the fight against poaching, the issuance of cutting permits, domestication or the practice of fallowing by local populations… Key words: