Déterminants géographiques de la pauvreté et leurs impacts sur le cadre et la qualité de vie à mambanda (douala-Cameroun)

Abstract

The colonization of risky environments for pre-habitation, difficulties to access to basic Infrastructures, and the development of informal activities, are answers to poverty problems faced by Cameroonian populations in the urban settlements. Mambanda, located in Douala IV sub-division at the left to the river wouri banks, to be more precise, is a swampy area ,occupied anarchically by a relatively poor population whose daily activities is aimed at resolving some problems link to the precocity of surroundings and quality of the environment. The principal objective of this research is to establish the relationship between the geographic parameters of the locality and poverty ,the quality of life in Mambanda .To attain this objective, a field work was carried out using the GPS, interview, direct observation of the field with the help of local inhabitants and field experts ,Prior to analysis, documentaries and photography. The use of ASTER-DEM and Google Earth permitted a good cartography of the soil. That is diachronic treatment (1986-2018) of the satellites images. The use of Landsat to facilitate simulation through software programs such as Markov integrated in ERDAS. Apart of this methodology exploited, we were able to proof that inhabitants of Mambanda are social actors of their own life, living in this quarter that is developing strategies that permit then to survive the environmental challenges. This bad quality of life creates menace to their means of duiely hood in Mambanda. By carrying out analysis on the strategies developed by the inhabitants, and we have prawn that in Mambanda, the zones of origin, to escape poverty without taking into account impacts faced in urban areas. These practices will accelerate constituting also some obstacles for the development of Mambanda. Prior to these methodologies. It has been proven that some measures are appropriate to remove Mambanda and its population from the poverty in which they find themselves.