Action humanitaire du HCR en faveur des réfugiés au Tchad : cas du camp de gaoui de 2014 à 2020

Abstract

This work aims to question the relevance of the humanitarian action of UNHCR and international partners in Chad. To legitimize the humanitarian action of the UNHCR, this specialized body of the UN has been able to rely on an important tool: the repatriation of refugees, installation in the Gaoui transit camp and socio-professional reintegration. We also note the dynamism of the UNHCR in helping urban refugees in the capital. On the basis of plural and relatively recent documentation consisting of books, articles, newspapers, theses and dissertations, reports and oral testimonies, the processing of the information collected was based on the epistemological posture and an empirical approach inductive. It appears that UNHCR in Chad has left a mixed record. Beyond the hope maintained by the latter when he entered Chad, all is not rosy. Admittedly, this body has achieved significant successes in all the refugee camps in Chad in general and in N'Djamena in particular. But, there are traces of a mission not accomplished, because the framework of human dignity which is the consolidation of the definition of humanitarian action has not been demonstrated in practice. If elsewhere, the humanitarian action of the UNHCR has established certain stability among the beneficiary refugees, on the other hand, some refugees bend under the yoke of poverty, on food products for survival. This is what reflects the limits of the UNHCR in supervising the refugees from Gaoui. This is why this body reviewed its humanitarian governance in 2020, with the aim of better responding to new humanitarian challenges. This presence of the UNHCR in Chad confirms the institutionalism theory of the erosion of the sovereignty of the Chadian State, which attests to its support for the UNHCR for the management of socio-political crises in Chad and the sub-region.