Exploitation du pétrole et développement local du canton donia au sud du Tchad

Abstract

This study entitled "Oil exploitation and socio-economic and environmental development in Donia Canton in southern Chad" was conducted to assess the various socio-economic and environmental consequences of oil exploitation in Donia. The exploitation of oil in Canton Donia, which began 09 years ago, has played an important role in the social, economic and environmental changes observed. Poor governance and mismanagement of this resource has contributed greatly to this change. The main hypothesis that led this study states that "the exploitation of Donia oil has not contributed effectively to the local development of this terror". In order to verify and validate our hypotheses, we mobilized methodology that link documentary research, cartographic work, field surveys and interviews. Survey touches 180 households’ in three village’s investigations. Interviews as to them have been with 23 resource people. The results show in a general way, that the impacts of the exploitation of the oil of Donia are negative on the environment, the economy and the population even if this exploitation contributed to the realization of some socio-economic equipment. Donia today is one of the poorest cantons in Chad. The latter has contributed to the destruction of the flora, fauna, soils, groundwater, surface water and air pollution. It is the source of several evils to which the population of Donia Canton is exposed: the decrease in agricultural production, the loss of arable land, the multiplication and growth of diseases (itching, typhoid, diarrhea, STIs/AIDS, etc.) as well as the loss of cultural and patrimonial values. The reasons for these problems are based on the mismanagement of these resources, non-compliance with environmental standards, corruption and lack of effective monitoring by the state.