Motivation entrepreneuriale profil entrepreneurial et construit de volition durant le processus entrepreneurial

Abstract

In Cameroon, youth unemployment is so worrying that the government has made it one of the Millennium Development Goals. To this end, the Cameroonian government is trying to reduce its rate through the policy of self-employment, even if the results remain mixed because of the failures encountered in the implementation of some projects (SND 30, 2020). According to the coordinators of entrepreneurship incentive programs (PIAASI, PAJER-U, PADER, etc.), these failures are due to material and financial mismanagement on the part of project leaders. However, the literature emphasizes the mobilization of personal resources as a guarantee of success in entrepreneurship. This is notably the case for the volition construct, which is presented as one of the keys to entrepreneurial success in view of its capacity to lead individuals to achieve their objectives despite the difficulties they may face (Moussa Mouloungui, 2012). Furthermore, notions such as motivation (Heckhausen and Gollwitzer, 1987) and entrepreneurial profile (Ambela Mendo, 2020) seem to be linked to the expression of volitional capacities. Thus, following this line of thought, the general objective of this dissertation is to verify whether entrepreneurial motivation has an effect on volition and whether this effect varies according to the profile of entrepreneurs. To this end, a survey was conducted among 201 entrepreneurs operating in the city of Yaoundé (Cameroon) through a self-reported questionnaire whose responses were subjected to a simple regression analysis with response surface methodology. The results obtained indicate that motivation has an effect on volition but this effect does not vary according to the entrepreneurial profile. These results are partially in line with our predictions, which suggests that entrepreneurship support structures should stimulate motivations for professional and social success, as well as prosaically and innovation motivations, in order to guarantee an appropriate mobilization of entrepreneurs' volitional capacities.