Idriss Déby Itno et le processus de démocratisation du Tchad (1990- 2021)

Abstract

This theme, which focuses on "Idriss Deby Itno and the process of democratization in chad from1990 to 2021". The beginning of the 1990 started the establishment of democracy in most African countries. This process has resulted in the Adoption in almost all African country, of new constitution sanctioned by democracy. This democratic revolution marks the progressive construction of the rules following the organization of free and fair elections often leading to alternation in several countries and in chad. Despite the progress that has been made, many obstacles hinder democracy in chad, in so many cases the elections are poorly prepared or "rigged". It is clear that, to stay in power, the head of state does not hesitate to modify the constitution and instrumentalization certain institutions through his democratic experience, since the seizure of power by a military coup. And given the transdisciplinarity of the object of study, it was necessary to approach It thanks to the availability of written oral, iconographic and digital sources. This was followed by a thematic analysis approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques. The cause of classic interpretations and exploration results from the fact that there was the emergence of political parties in chad beginning in 1991 with their entry into scene, which was initially a politico-military movement, born at the extra-ordinary congress of Bamina (Sudan) from march 10 to 11 1990. With the same objective, this theme was chosen to reaffirm the historical context of the democratization process in chad and its evolution. Indeed, born in a context strongly marked by the dictatorial regime of president Hussein Habre, under the command of president Idriss Deby Itno, who is at the origin of the change in the Chadian political scene through democracy and multi-party politics, such are the problems associated with the democratization of chad: confiscation of power, freedom of expression, bullying of the opposition, assassinations, favoritism, ethno-family clannish and inter community conflicts. On this occasion, the study proposed some solutions to the problems encountered by the democratization processing in chad