La question de relativisme épistémologie chez Paul Karl Feyerabend : Une lecture d’Adieu la raison.

Abstract

This research work focuses on "The question of epistemological relativism in Paul Karl Feyerabend: a reading of ‘‘Farewell to Reason’’. It is part of the vast movement of postcritical epistemology. It is a work of 171 pages, divided into three parts, each of which has three chapters. More specifically, it is in bringing clarity to the problem of the relevance of Paul Feyerabend's epistemological relativism in the scientific city in general and for Africa in particular. Thus, to carry out our reflection, we have centered our analysis around a certain number of fundamental questions: What are the sources of Feyerabend's thought? However, what breaks with his approach? Moreover, is relativism, which Feyerabend proposes against classical methodologism, without danger? How original can Feyerabend's relativistic thought be for the scientific city and Africa in particular? To overcome this concern, we use the analytical-critical approach to account for the sources of Paul Feyerabend's thought, his openness to epistemological relativism and the limits and challenges of the deconstructivist epistemology of the author of 'Farewell to reason. All in all, this work defend the idea that according to which relativism is beneficial for the scientific city; it makes it possible to get out of dogmatism in this era where certain scientists exhibit absolute truths, thus forgetting that the true philosopher is illustrated by modesty and reflects on everything. Indeed, by liberalizing science, Feyerabend liberates the researcher and gives him the opportunity to develop his playful, artistic and creative abilities to properly approach and apprehend reality. However, far from supporting a negative relativism, which, in the end, leads to the apology of the irrational and anarchism, it would be necessary to set up a minimal objective method which structures and regulates both the scientific city and the human existence.