Protection et exploitation durable des ressources marines du Cameroun (1982-2014)

Abstract

Human interest in maritime spaces and the resources they contain is more and more growing. Population growth, economic and industrial development today are intensifying the use of navy resources. This leads to the overexploitation of these resources and to the degradation of the marine and coastal environment. States and international organizations are showing interest in this transnational concern daily. Thus, at which level is the protection and sustainable exploitation of Cameroon's marine resources and what are the strategies to improve the protection and sustainable exploitation of these resources? This is the fundamental concern on which the debates in this work focus. To get there, this work was governed by a method characterized by the use of various sources: written, oral, and iconographic. We have also used other social science disciplines. These include law, geography, sociology, economics, political science, and international relations… To make this work effective, we notice that the strategy used by Cameroon to ensure the protection and exploitation of maritime resources can be improved. The use of this statement is justified by an imbalance in the trinity of sustainable development: consideration of environmental concerns, societal satisfaction and economic development. consequently, we note the resurgence of phenomena such as: pollution and the degradation of the marine environment, overexploitation of resources, IUU (illegal, unreported and unregulated) fishing, poverty, etc., despite the international, regional and national legal framework, the variety of administrative and institutional structures, programmes and commissions related to this. This perfectible state of affairs leads us to propose solutions to end the crisis which are based on: the effectiveness of the State's sovereignty over its space and resources, the imposition of an environmental tax, the duty of impact study operations, the raising of public awareness, administrative and institutional reforms, the harmonization of the legal framework, the reinforcement of scientific and technical capacities, and the development of environmental cooperation. In our humble opinion, these are concrete solutions that can enable Cameroon to make more profit from its marine resources within the framework of the blue economy