Alphabétisation fonctionnelle et amélioration des conditions de vie des femmes : cas du centre d’apprentissage des langues et métiers (calm) dans le 1er arrondissement de la ville de N’djamena au Tchad.

Abstract

This work focuses on functional literacy and improvement of the living conditions of women in the Language and Trades Learning Center (CALM) of the city of N'Djamena. This study is part of one of the axes “Training Education for Sustainable Development «and specifically Design Analysis of Governance models and Educational Policy related to Sustainable Development. We started from a bitter observation. In Chad, the illiteracy rate is very high (78%), including 89% of women despite the efforts made, indicated the Minister of National Education and Civic Promotion, Aboubakar Assidick Tchoroma, on the occasion of the international day of literacy celebrated on September 8, 2020. This country faces many development challenges due in part to the illiteracy of a large part of its population with the immediate consequence of poverty, the reduction of the receptivity of the populations to development issues. Among these communities is the Language and Trades Learning Center (CALM) which, through literacy and trades training sessions, offers illiterate people the chance to optimize their profitability. The general research question which is our common thread is "Is there a significant relationship between functional literacy and the improvement of the living conditions of women in the Language and Trade Learning Center (CALM) in the 1st district of the city of N'Djamena? " . The answer to this question gives rise to a hypothesis: functional literacy improves the living conditions of women at the Language and Trades Learning Center in the 1st District of the city of N'Djamena. From this research hypothesis, comes a general research objective which is to show that functional literacy improves the living conditions of women in the Center for Learning Languages and Trades (CALM) in the 1st District of N'Djamena. After reviewing the literature relating to our study, we called on two theories, namely: the human capital theory of Theodore Schultz (1961) and Gary Becker (1964), to justify the importance of investment in training and the education of CALM women; and C. Weiss's Theory of Change (1995) to analyze the change that literacy brought to the lives of CALM women. To verify this hypothesis, we used a qualitative approach as a methodological approach with a sampling of 04 participants. Data collection is done by observation and semi-structured interview. The analysis grid is the data analysis tool. According to the analysis of the data from this study, CALM learners lived in ignorance. They were illiterate. But thanks to this center, their living conditions are changing. Hence functional literacy improves the living conditions of women.