Problématique de l’urbanisation anarchique à la périphérie sud-ouest de Yaoundé : cas de la commune de Mbankomo

Abstract

This present work is articulated around the problem of anarchic urbanization on the southern periphery of Yaoundé: Case of Mbankomo. In fact, as in other communes in the immediate vicinity of the city of Yaoundé, urbanisation in the south-western periphery of Yaoundé is accompanied by a series of transformations that significantly affect development in the Commune of Mbankomo. In reality, under the effect of metropolisation, the urban explosion of the city of Yaounde, given the internal potentialities possessed by the municipality of Mbankomo, was quickly "engulfed". Moreover, its immediate proximity to the city of Yaoundé, by the direct passage of the Nationale (N3) and the Régionale (R22) roads, which are part of the main national and international trade roads, allows it to reinforce itself as an important pole of the metropolis. This is the reason why the objective is to show that the uncontrolled urbanization dynamics on the southwestern periphery of Yaoundé are problematic for the municipality of Mbankomo. The methodology used here is based on a hypothetico-deductive approach. It revolves around the use of bibliographical research, cartographic (Figure 2) data, the results of surveys carried, through focus groups (discussion groups) and semi-directive interviews with the various local actors chosen according to their typology and location in the study area (Table 3). This results in several consequences, the most immediate of which is the spread of urban beyond between the south-west limit of Yaoundé and the municipality of Mbankomo, especially in a context marked by under-equipment and the search for social equilibrium, to name a few. In the municipality of Mbankomo as in other municipalities, there is a diversity of scales and areas of intervention to which correspond forms of governance that lack coordination needed to consider development as a whole. This lack is fuelled by a policy and institutional vacuum with regard to the management of metropolitan territories in Cameroon.