Science et politique chez thomas Samuel Kuhn : une lecture de la structure des révolutions scientifiques

Abstract

This research work is structured around the theme “Science and politics in Thomas Samuel Kuhn: a reading of the Structure of Scientific Revolutions”. This research particularly aims to philosophically address the question of the transposition of Kuhnian epistemology on the contemporary political plan. In other words, it is question of questioning the relevance and reliability of the Kuhnian conception of the revolution in science and politics in terms of necessity. Thus, to carry out this reflection, this analysis was focused around a few fundamental questions: How did Kuhn conceive the progress of science and politics? What are the points of convergence and divergence between the scientific revolution and by extension the political one? In contrast to what is the scientific and political conception of the author of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions? What are the purpose and epistemological relevance of the transposition of Kuhnian paradigmology onto the current political game? What could be the originality of Kuhnian thought for the scientific city, the political scene in general and for Africa in particular? To answer these questions, this research work was carried out using an analytical approach in order to account for the comparative study between science and politics in Thomas Kuhn, and the opening of his epistemology to politics. In total, the thesis is as follows: scientific and political development is based on stable or outdated paradigms that guide and orientate the researcher or politician. Indeed, Kuhn promoted scientific and political openness through his theory of incommensurability to combat any form of authoritarianism, dogmatism and epistemological foundation.