stratégies de coping chez les adultes consommateurs d'alcool : une étude clinique des patients en situation d'angoisse à l'Hôpital Jamot de Yaoundé.

Abstract

The present research focuses on coping strategies among adult alcohol consumers: a clinical study of patients experiencing anxiety at Jamot Hospital in Yaoundé. It is part of the perspective of the work of Camart & al., (2008); Stevens (2009) and Bacon & al., (2010) who highlighted that in situations of anxiety, adults consume alcohol as an adaptive response with the aim of relieving their anxiety. Hence the interest for us to understand how, in addition to alcohol consumption, the coping strategies developed by these adults help them manage their anxiety. This raised the following research question in us: how, do coping strategies contribute to managing anxiety in adult alcohol consumers? From there, we formulated the general hypothesis: coping strategies contribute to better managing anxiety in adult alcohol consumers. The objective is to understand how these coping strategies help manage anxiety in alcoholdependent adults. To achieve this objective, we used the clinical method by conducting semidirective interviews with two adult alcohol consumers who came to consult in “Psychiatry B” of the HJY after having submitted them to the Hamilton scales (to measure the anxiety), of CISS (to measure the use of coping) and to the test AUDIT (to measure alcohol dependence). Content analysis technique and sequential analysis technique were used to analyze the interviews. These interviews were interpreted using Baumrind's (1991) cognitive-behavioral theory; Fernadez, Lafon & Sztulman (1999); Beck & Freemann (1993); Smanioto (2008) and Gérard & Nagels (2017) and that of Lazarus & Launier (1978) and that of Lazarus & Folkman (1984b) on coping. At the end of our study, we, like these authors, noted that it is the fact of associating negative meanings and/or interpretations with distressing situations that generates the anxiety that the adult tries to inhibit or forget. . The results thus obtained allowed us to identify that in addition to alcohol consumption, coping strategies focused on the problem, coping strategies focused on emotion and coping strategies focused on social support that our subjects were able to mobilize, i nspired by the work of Marty (1991) on mentalization and the transactional-integrativemultifactorial model of Bouchon-Schweiter and Quintard (2002), other coping strategies: those centered on the mentalization of affects and those focused on building a relationship with the object (beer) to better manage their anxiety. This allowed us to highlight in this study the concept of the “inclusive coping” model. This set of elements gives clinical added value to our initial hypothesis.