Contribution de l'élévage des petits ruminants ,de la volaille et porcin au développement socio-économique de yagoua (extreme-nord cameroun)

Abstract

Our study consists of showing the contribution breeding of small ruminants, poultry and pigs, to the socio-economic development of Yagoua. Recently, pastoral activity in Yagoua is a factor of large-scale of sub-economic development for the population and their households. It is an area by excellence with high potential for production of small ruminants, poultry and pig farming. But the development of pastoral activities in this locality is increasing facing natural and human problems. These factors negatively affect the growth and development of subsistence in the locality of Yagoua. This study was carried out using the hypothetico-deductive method which consists of stating hypotheses at the start and verifying them through the collection of primary and secondary data. However, the field-trip enabled us to administer 222 to households and conducted interview with 15 resource people from administrative structures (mayor of Yagoua, the district and Divisional delegation of Fishing, Livestock and Animal industries. Head of NGOs, cooperatives and GICs take care of the component, which enabled us to collect necessary information about the practice of small ruminants breeding, poultry and pig farming in Yayoua. The results show that this activity generate new performance which has led to the evolution of activities in this sector, in the locality of Yagoua. Several modes of production are used in this sector in the selection of species (pigs, small ruminants, poultry), and massive involvement of stakeholders. All these parameters have boosted livestock performance, which has significant impacts on elementary resources. It should be noted that despite the favorable conditions for the practice and development of breeding, a series of obstacles undermine the functioning of this activity. These are both natural factors (prolonged drought, desertification), and anthropologic factors (urban sprawl, scarcity of veterinary staff). Under economic and cultural factors (prohibition of certain types of breeding by certain religions, financial difficulties) to which possible solutions are proposed at many levels to improve breeding.