Philosophie contemporaine des sciences agricoles. Approche épistémologique de René Dumont dans "L’Afrique Noire est mal partie".

Abstract

This work is a scientific investigation into contemporary agricultural science philosophy (CASP). It draws inspiration from the epistemological approach of René Dumont in “L’Afrique Noire est mal partie”, which is part of a vast global movement for agrarian reform. This is a 184-page study that sheds light on the cognitive involvement and epistemological impact of Dumont's thought on agriculture in general and African agricultural practices in particular. To carry out this reflection, the analysis is centered around the fundamental philosophical question of whether Dumontian agroecology can contribute to Africa's development. To address this concern, an analytical approach is used to account for Dumont's thoughts, the limitations, and the implications of his philosophy. The challenge and specificity of this research lie in proposing an agroecological thought that combines traditional agricultural methods with contemporary technologies. Overall, the contribution of this work aims to popularize agricultural knowledge in rural areas while promoting the development of local potential. By putting agronomic knowledge at the service of smallholders, René Dumont offers rural communities the opportunity to recognize the benefits of agriculture, to experiment with their skills, and to acknowledge the dangers associated with agricultural product imports. In light of current realities, Dumont's teachings have contributed to the advancement of more resilient agriculture, sustainable development, and community development. However, far from supporting an unilluminated agricultural relativism, a philosophical theory of agricultural sciences aims to develop a practical agroecological thought that combines traditional methods with modern technologies. This research leads to the realization of rational agriculture and the establishment of practical entrepreneurial- professional theories that disseminate modern agricultural techniques in rural areas. They constitute a beneficial path for self-employment in the field of agriculture.