“Interactional Factors And Improved Socialization In Children With Autism. Case study: Einstein Institute, Yaounde”

Abstract

This research, entitled " Interactional Factors And Improved Socialization In Children With Autism. Case study: Einstein Institute, Yaounde," investigates the significant impact of communication stimulation techniques on the socialization of autistic children attending special needs schools in Cameroon. These techniques, which include the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) such as using visual aids like picture exchange communication systems, speech-generating devices or sign language, Social Stories, visual schedules, PeerMediated interventions, video modeling, amongst others, are of critical importance in fostering their social interactions. Despite the proven effectiveness of these techniques, direct observations conducted during an internship at the Einstein Psychopedagogical Institute in Melen, Yaoundé, Cameroon, revealed a surprisingly low level of socialization among autistic children. This is a matter of particular concern, given that these children are enrolled in a specialised institution designed to support their development, with trained staff who apply these communication stimulation techniques. In Cameroon, a developing country in Central Africa, a number of factors may impede the expected outcomes of these interventions, including cultural and religious norms, family dynamics, and environmental factors such as technology and infrastructure. The severity of autism is also a significant factor. The objective of this research is to ascertain why these communication stimulation techniques appear to be less effective within this context. By examining the interplaybetween familial, cultural, and environmental influences, we aim to identify the barriers that limit the success of these methods. The objective is to gain insight into these limitations through direct observation and interviews with the teachers, in order to use the information to propose more tailored and contextually appropriate strategies and interventions that could enhance the socialisation of autistic children in Cameroon. This would ensure that these techniques are better adapted to their distinctive needs and circumstances, thereby improving the quality of life of autistic children enrolled in special needs schools in Cameroon children.