La gouvernance des migrations des camerounais vers l’Europe Schengen (1990-2020)

Abstract

The question of the governance of African migration towards Schengen Europe is at the heart of today’s Europe/Africa relations. The multifaceted insecurity, caused by the perverse effects of globalization, has installed a climate of mistrust in this zone of free mobility. Europeans tend to believe that the crisis that is shaking their biotope is the consequence of the acceptance of foreigners in this space of intergration. Based on such rationality, a synergy of actions has been set up in Cameroon to regulate Cameroonian migration towards Schengen Europe. The migration industry has become very profitable, the system of governance of migration of Cameroonians towards Europe Schengen is a policy built around a configuration of rational actors. This is the main hypothesis of this study. The hypotheticaldeductive, geopolitical and confrontation of sources methods were mobilized after having collected theoretical and empirical information to better analyze the functioning system of the governance of Cameroonian migrations to Europe. It emerges from this study that, the Cameroonian migration governance policy implemented in Cameroun is only the result of a deterritorialization of European migration policy in Cameroon. All the regular and irregular migration regulation initiatives carried out in Cameroon have a tinge of the policies of the Schengen states. These states have transformed other actors into actual servants serving the objectives of the Schengen migration policy. Hence, the need for the state of Cameroon to build a sovereign and pragmatic policy to regulate the migration of its citizens.