Stratégies communicationnelles et autonomisation de la femme rurale dans le département de la Sanaga maritime au Cameroun

Abstract

This thesis is entitled: "Communication strategies and empowerment of rural women in the department of Sanaga Maritime in Cameroon". The interest shown in this study stems from the observation that rural women's access to messages in favor of their empowerment is limited compared to that of urban women, despite the efforts made by national and international institutions for their inclusion. total development. This difficulty for rural women in accessing information is an obstacle to their empowerment. The general objective is to study the link between communication strategies and rural women's access to empowerment. Also, the various messages sent to rural women with a view to their empowerment are not necessarily understood by all of them to the same degree. Social psychology theories were used, including communication, self-determination, self-efficacy, interpersonal behavior and social representation theories. The research question that guided this study is: Do communication strategies promote rural women's access to empowerment? To answer this question, a general hypothesis (HG) was formulated as follows: communication strategies promote rural women's access to empowerment. On this basis, five research hypotheses were generated. To test them, an investigation was carried out using interviews and questionnaires in the Sanaga Maritime Division, particularly in the Nyanon, Ndom, Ngambé, Ngwei and Massok-Songloulou Sub- Divisions. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 330 rural women whose age varies between 25 and 55 years. The data collected was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. Correlation and linear regression tests were applied. A content analysis by semantic categories inferred from the discourses was carried out. The results indicate significant links between communication through the institutional channel and rural women's access to empowerment (r = 0.895, R2 = 0.801, p < 0.05); between communication through the media channel and rural women’s access to empowerment (r= 0.897, R2 = 0.804, p<0.05); between communication through the interpersonal channel and rural women's access to empowerment (r = 0.924, R2 = 0.854, p < 0.05); between communication through the non-media channel and rural women's access to empowerment (r = 0.531, R2 = 0.281, p < 0.05) and between communication through the event channel and rural women's access to empowerment (r = 0.905, R2 = 0.819, p < 0.05). Thus, the five hypotheses having been confirmed, we concluded that the communication strategies favor rural women's access to empowerment. However, some suggestions have been addressed to the International Community, to the public authorities and to Rural Women, moving in the direction of a real and significant empowerment of rural women in general and that of the Sanaga Maritime in particular