Le problème de l’intelligence chez Emile Chartier dit Alain. Défis épistémologiques et enjeux métaphysiques

Abstract

ALAIN falls under mobility of the great failure of the building of human intelligence weakened by the lightness (lowness) of limited judgments, crushed by the mind of easiness or that one based on the wait of manna, gnawn at by having recourse to idea of donation, of fate, of witchcraft, of determinism, stamped out by the idea of diversion of perseverance, of courage, of patience, of rationality and brought down by an apparent criticism. Following this secability of the nature of human potential, the establishment (adoption) of a new explanatory method, based on the will of the man, his patience and his determination, is for him (author of Vigiles de l’esprit), an adequate way as a remedy of that problem, and it is a notable perspective when one wants truthy found the real nature of reflexive performance of the man. Then, to realize it, he takes position to denounce with the latest energy, the subterfuge of his forerunners (his predecessors), the unsuccess processes of the idea of donation, of determinism, of impatience which hide or conceal of destruction sprouts of the ontological nature of human being and the collapse of essence of his intellectual potential. For this reason, the recourse of education permits to the man of learning to want, possible process too to reorientate him, so that he was formerly submerged in chaos, caused by exagerred positions. Reality which will give him the opportunity to understand that everybody has the potential of invention, understanding which transforms his world to peaceful one and he lives within in agreement, full of blossoming. In fact, the thing is that dismissing from far away the donation’s idea or that one the reception of human potential, is an adequate way for raising some men relegated (downgraded) at the same category to animals and to extracting the pride of others which identify themselves to God. This psychological rearmament of men formerly stripped of their inventive power, permits them to attain their goal and to reach happiness by avoiding all conflicts touchy to cause the ruin of their ontological nature which concern too their capacity of creation in perspective to live happily in their own world. It is his humanism. However, this optimism which shows the new ALAIN’s explanatory method about the topic of the nature of human potential reveals its double face which is necessary to unveil. That is why, the exhibition or the expression of the ambivalence of ALAIN’s step leads to the eradication of the burlesque side of its face in order to complete the good one with considerable contribution of other perspectives so that one avoids, forever, every rubbish intention, every judgement touchy to destroy the ontological nature of man.