Pouvoir politique et éthique de la gouvernance en Afrique. Réflexions à partir de qu’est-ce que la politique ? De Hannah Arendt

Abstract

African politics today suffers from a deep malaise; this is mainly due to bad governance, the persistence of clan powers and subservience to systems still marked by colonization. Since colonization till today, this policy has not been conducted in a way that satisfies the greatest number of people, as Aristotle so rightly wished. Before independence, Africa was governed by tyrannical regimes until the advent of democracy. With the advent of democracy, Africans thought they were freeing themselves from the authoritarian regimes that shone through their violence and their delicious economic crimes, hindering all development on the continent. Hannah Arendt's emphasis on freedom led her to categorically distinguish power from all forms of domination and violence. The influence of Nazism in Germany in the twentieth century, the extermination of the Jewish people and the prevalence of totalitarian regimes and many others led our author to denounce the horrors of the totalitarian system and anti-Semitism as a means of dehumanization. Hannah Arendt thus developed a common political conception of human beings, without which freedom and power cannot exist. This was the observation that led us to choose the theme "political power and the ethics of governance in Africa. Reflections from Hannah Arendt's What is Politics? In order to answer this preoccupation, we went back to Greek antiquity to highlight the structuring of the question of political governance in ancient and modern social structures. Subsequently, we will highlight the project to refund political governance as conceived by Hannah Arendt. Finally, to critically analysis the epistemological fruitfulness of Arendt's critique of political governance. The aim of this work is to bring an ethical dose to the system of governance and to better understand Arendt's vision of the role of action and plurality in the political sphere. Put simply, Arendt's conception of politics presents freedom as the ultimate end of politics. We think that this conception could be a lantern to restore the image of democracy in Africa, in that it promotes freedom, which is an essential principle of democracy, because democracy is the reign of greatest freedom