Pression urbaine et développement de l’arrondissement de Nkol-Afamba

Abstract

Urban pressure is not a recent issue. The influx of people observed in cities around the world over the years has always had an impact on peripheral areas. Cameroon, not being left behind, saw 58.15% of its population in 2021 move to cities compared to 39.66% in 1990 according to data from the World Bank. This trend significantly affects the outskirts of cities, which is the case for Nkol-afamba, a peripheral district of Yaoundé. This study raises the problem of the impact of urban pressure on the development ok Nkol-afamba district. The study having put forward the hypothesis that urban pressure is at the origin of the dazzling development that the district has undergone, this same study aims to contribute to optimizing the urban premium in Nkol-afamba to guarantee sustainable development in the area. By going through observations, interviews and surveys on the terrain, results were obtained, allowing us to provide a clear analysis of the impact of urban pressure on the development of the district of Nkol-afamba, which shows that the population with his dropouts there was pressure on space in the area. The plant cover is gradually disappearing to give way to buildings, infrastructure and equipment of all kinds. Which naturally has a socio-economic and environmental impact on the area. The study highlights issues such as insecurity, deforestation, the insufficiency and under-equipment of certain structures such as roads, educational establishments, and health centers. Gic health the double sales and other land dispute, the multiple anarchic deposits of ondurex in the area and many other problems. The actors must, for their part, work to resolve these problems and guarantee development are numerous but lack synergy in their actions; which doesn’t really help the community. However, effective urban management strategies to take advantage of population growth and rapid urbanization have certainly already been developed and are contained in the Nkol-afamba municipal development plan. However, effective participatory governance, the financing of projects to combat the serious sanitation problems that the environment is experiencing, with the exploitation of the town planning law of 2004 were noted as crucial elements with a view to improving the urban state of Nkol-afamba and guarantee its sustainable development.