Pratiques agropastorales et conflits intercommunautaires dans les zones rurales au Tchad. cas de la sous-préfecture de Baïkoro : analyse historique (1990-2021)

Abstract

Our theme which concerns: “agro-pastoral practices: inter-community conflicts is subdivided into four chapters, of which chapter I presents agro-pastoral activities; Chapter II is based on factors and causes; the third focuses on the impacts and finally the last proposes solutions. Intercommunity conflicts in Chad have become frequent and sometimes deadly. These conflicts are often caused by the agricultural and pastoral practices of different communities who use the same natural resources, notably land; grazing; space and water. Sedentary indigenous farmers often accuse Arab nomadic herders of ransacking their fields by grazing their animals. Herders seek to ensure access to the natural resources needed for their herds, while farmers seek to protect their cultivated lands. Wells are also a point of tension, as they are often overexploited by herders. For this purpose; Added to this are plot conflicts between the farmers themselves. The authorities have taken measures to try to resolve these conflicts, in particular by involving the traditional leaders of the communities concerned and by disarming civilians. However, despite these efforts, these conflicts continue to cause human losses and tensions in the region. Finally; the conflicts we are talking about; turn to breeders and farmers. These conflicts are often deadly and require resolution measures to ensure the peaceful coexistence of rural communities. The devastating consequences, leading to the destruction of property and livelihoods, as well as massive population displacements.