La condition de l’etudiant camerounais face aux mutations du système universitaire,1961-2008

Abstract

The cameroonian university system since 1961 has been characterised by deep structural and conjontural mutations with considerable impact throughout the university corporation. These mutations are caracterised firstly by the process of cameroonisation put in place After the departure of French cooperants in 1968. Then the 1993 university reform which allowed the decongestion of the massification which plummeted the university of Yaoundé and the creation of six New universities, namely University of Yaoundé I, University of Yaoundé II, University of Douala, University of Dschang, l’University of Buéa and University of Ngaoundéré. Another important reform, the institutionalization of the LMD system in 2008 to ensure the employability and the students migration within the cameroonian universities, much still needs to be done in order to ensure better living and working conditions to public universities students. Materially speaking, to a few ready differences, depending on universities and periods, the fundamental services like reception infrastructures, sanitation, health and safety services, housing, catering and sporting and cultural activities have not experienced a great revolution. This situation are not always of a nature to encourage modest students to carry out their training. Similarly, the academic pane is not free because the curricula for the most part has also remained sidelined with the needs of the employment world. Just as archaic pedagogical methods, and the less credible assessment system as well as administrative slowdowns that have also helped make students profession more complex. Many other unwell-to-do problems are to be overcome, in this case tribalism, corruption, favoritism, influence struggles, discrimination and intrigues of any kind. To enable the students to achieve his goals and effectively contribute to development, it is more than urgent to rethink his coaching through the improvement of all aspects related to living and working conditions in all university institutions in the country. It took to achieve this result, mobilise traditional methods of historical discipline namely documentary collection and data processing as well as historical criticism. Given the area of specialisation namely the economic and social History, encrypted and quantitative data were of great input. Finally the use of diachrony and synchrony as well as that of the so called mortgatico-deductive method have permitted to mobilise arguments and to make certain conclusions based on concrete facts and data.