La diplomatie du Cameroun en matière de santé publique :Jeu et enjeux (1960-2017)

Abstract

Since Cameroon gained independence under French administration, several reforms followed one another for the functioning of the new State. Through the establishment of an independent government and the progressive involvement of Cameroonians in questions of development and health, the need to find capital and other resources found one of the solutions, based on diplomatic procedures. Through the signing of protocols of understanding and conventions, Cameroon has, over the years, established relationships with several states. Thus, these strategic avenues had the main objective of improving its global health policy. The aim of this research is to show that despite the establishment of several health conventions and agreements on the basis of partnerships and the achievements that followed, Cameroon's health diplomacy cannot yet be described as effective. Thus, for the realization of this work we used archives, oral sources and digital. As a result, quantitative and qualitative approaches came into play, without forgetting the intervention of theories like neorealism, functionalism, inter-governmentalism and resource mobilization. Furthermore, the action of science human and social has made it possible to deal with the history of mentalities, as a vehicle for formation of domestic policies and a major determinant of the types of relationships between actors on the international scene, especially States. It appears that between 1960 and 2017, Cameroon put together strategic files and plans health partnerships. Despite the achievements and other results, this State remained under the influence of external aid and support, without however providing as much as it receives other states. Added to this, social misfortunes such as embezzlement of public funds, corruption and brain drain have not only lost resources, but also restricts the action of international partners, who have often found it necessary to work with individuals for an efficient return on their capital. At the end, we propose to the government to promote its diplomacy health, by combining its achievements such as traditional medicine, to uphold its different sanitary, talents which tend to flee by the brain drain phenomenon. This channelling should be effective from an improvement in the low-priced allocated to health. It is also suggested to fight against corruption and the misappropriation of public funds and the slowness in treatment in our medical structures. For this reason, there must be consistency between the administration and the population, for more transparency in management. Finally, the government should expand partnerships to encompass the national network and shape global health outcomes.