Faune culicidienne et charge gametocytaire dans la résidence hospitalière de biyem-assi

Abstract

The prevalence of infection due to culicidae in the world, and particularly of malaria in Cameroon, led to the question of the role to be played by public health institution in the spread of culicidians infections. In the study of evaluating the Anopheles gametocytes level in humans, an entomological parasitic study was done from July to August 2015 to the population of the Biyem-assi district hospital, to verify the entomofauna journal by the catching method in humans. It was realised that the fauna was a beat diversified. A total of 642 adult mosquitoes were caught from 3 genus; Culex, Anopheles and Mansoni. This fauna culicide composed of 93.61% of Culex. The Anopheles malaria vector identified represented only 0.47% of the adult fauna and 5.92% of Mansoni. The determination of Anopheles infection by dissection method did not reveal the presence of sporozoites in the salivary gland of the females tested. The gametocytaemia rate was determined on some voluntary individuals who were found at the hospital (visitors, care takers of patients, health personels). Out of 200 blood samples taken from Novembre 2015 of January 2016, three were positive. From the voluntary population examined, only hospital visitors were positive. From the samples, the infection proportion was 2.1% and a gametocyte index of 0.5%. The parasitic individuals were not on treatment and they were distributing the plasmodium in the population. Their presence in the hospital associated to the presence of increase of Anopheles mosquitoes and the risk of transmission of nosocomial malaria.