Vidéo projecteur et enseignement de la géographie : cas du cours de géomorphologie en première au lycée de Ngoa-ékellé (Yaoundé)

Abstract

Teaching in the African context in general and Cameroonian in particular remains traditional despite the proliferation of tools resulting from technological changes. These technological tools, however, have a great appeal for teachers and students but they do not exploit them for educational purposes. Providing quality education to people by harnessing the potential of these ICT tools is now a necessity for all States. It is in this context that the present study aims to highlight the advantages of the video projector in the teaching / learning process of geography. To achieve this, we have adopted a hypothetico-deductive approach. Second-hand data has been collected in different libraries and websites. These were combined with field surveys conducted through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires following a teaching / learning sequence with video projector and direct observations. The results of this study reveal that, the teaching of geography in secondary schools is based on indirect observation (75%). This teaching / learning process of geography, while allowing the learners to theoretically master the spatial phenomena, does not prepare them to concretely recognize these phenomena on the ground, and moreover these class practices with little or no tools are passive and receive little attention from learners. The video projector is then presented as an innovative tool in the educational system, able to give students a taste for learning. Its strengths are more felt at the level of cognitive development of the learner through the assimilation of complex notions (62%), the creation of a more motivating framework for children learning (54%) and make concrete concepts that learners until then understood vaguely (54%). At the educational level it saves time and energy for the teacher. Notwithstanding these contributions, the use of this tool in Cameroonian context still poses many difficulties at the material and structural level.