Analyse, conception et réalisation d’un outil d’aide au processus d’enseignement / apprentissage des sciences en sixième ESG sur la fabrication d’un filtre de traitement de l’eau et la création d’un jardin potage

Abstract

The Sciences are a discipline allowing the learners to develop skills which helps them to interact with their environment. However we noticed a poverty or an insufficiency of the educational resources in the field of the Sciences and specially for the teaching of the module Technology in first year of high school Enseignement Secondaire General (ESG). Therefore, in the face of the integration of ICTS(Information and Communication Technologies) in the Cameroonian education system to facilitate the process teaching-learning, we suggest realizing a help tool for the process of teaching-learning following the example of an educational software on the manufacturing of a filter of treatment with water and the creation of a kitchen garden to contribute to the enrichment of the educational resources of our education system. For that purpose, a study was led to identify the difficulties of learning of the pupils, their preferences in the use of an educational software, how develop such a tool and afterward the impact of this tool in the process of teaching-learning. For that purpose, the method of research used on a sample of 264 pupils and 09 teachers of Sciences was a coupling of the quantitative and qualitative method by means of the instruments of collection of data namely : the questionnaire, the interview and the direct observation. Afterward, an analysis was made on outcomes of the investigation to guide the analysis, the design and the realization of this tool. We then based ourselves on the method of educational engineering ADDIE coupled with the functional method of analysis APTE to produce an exercise book of loads and on the agile method of software engineering SCRUM for the management and the realization of this Project. We so set up the educational software DIFIJAR which is a Web and mobile application proposing on the basis of the APC, the environment of learning integrating a diagnostic evaluation through the evaluation of prerequisites, small summary of reminders, life situation, summary of the lessons, the formative assessment through, exercises of consolidation, observations on the practices of the lessons, the simulations, the evaluation sommative both lessons and games. Once, the developed educational software, an evaluation was made to estimate the educational software from the point of view of the usable and from the point of view of the utility through two questionnaires on the evaluation of the contents and ergonomic. The various features of the software were thus greatly appreciated by the target audience and enabled us to conclude that DIFIJAR is a tool that makes a positive contribution to the education system in Cameroon.