Etude des plantes médicinales vendues dans les marches de la ville de Yaoundé.

Abstract

Medicinal plants are sold in the markets of urban centers of Cameroun throughout the year. An ethnobotanic survey was carried out in some markets of Yaounde-City. This survey was done on 19 traders of four main markets of Yaounde-City (Mvog-Bi, Mokollo, Mvog-Ada and Essos Markets).The approach towards male and female traders was based on a dialogue in local languages (Ewondo and Eton), accompanied with the purchase of medicinal plants on sale and a present. The ethnobotanic survey done helped us to count 52 plant species, divided into 33 family plants in which the Annonaceae first (represented by 05 species) and the Rubiaceae are second (represented by 04 species). These species are sold to cure 31 diseases, divided into 12 groups, amongst which the group of infectious and parasitic diseases is the most frequent, with a frequency of 37% in number of diseases, 45% in number of recipes and 38% in number of plants intervening in the treatment. The association of plants is a common practice in markets. The method of preparation given to users is mainly decoction, which frequency is 62%; and the most advisable method of administration is the oral route, with a frequency of 96%. The mostly used vehicle is water, with a frequency of 58%. Barks are the organs which are mostly sold, with a frequency of 58%. These barks are generally barks of trees, and this puts them at the first place amongst the morphological types, with a frequency of 68%.