Conception et réalisation d’un outil d’aide à l’apprentissage en SVTEEHB sur les micro-organismes dans l’environnement en classe de troisième de l’enseignement secondaire général au Cameroun

Abstract

The teaching of biology in the secondary school curriculum is a major challenge in Cameroon today. Students find it difficult to understand many concepts taught in the course because of their abstract nature. This study examines the issue of teaching-learning of Biology in general secondary education curriculum in Cameroon and more specifically the field of microorganisms in the class of Form 4. The main objective of this study was to develop an interactive tutorial. To achieve this goal, the exploratory research method was used, which is both quantitative and qualitative. A sample seize of 225 students and 7 teachers was drawn from three high schools in the city of Yaoundé (Efoulan High School, La Rosière College, Private Laic College). Analysis of the data collected using frequency counts and percentages indicated that Form 4 students have difficulties in the mastery of microorganisms because of exclusively little or no contextualisation of its teaching-learning process via appropriate didactic materials. Moreover, teachers do not have the digital tools that can help solve the problem of lack of laboratories. Faced with these results, a tutorial named MICRODIC has been developed. This tool is developed following the ADDIE instructional design model, and a software engineering method called AUP. After its implementation in a classroom, the feedback obtained from students enabled this researcher to conclude that the tutorial contributed significantly to the improvement of students’ knowledge especially in the comprehension of the types of microorganisms, their way of life and the means of contamination in humans. That is why this study recommends that the MICRODIC tool be used as support for students and teachers in the Cameroonian educational system.