Etude de préfaisabilité d’un système de cogénération pour l’autonomie énergétique au sein de la Sfid et de la communauté de Mbang dans l’Est du Cameroun

Abstract

This thesis is part of the objective of contributing to the energy autonomy of the Wood Transformation Industry (UTB) and to improving access to electricity in rural areas by studying a practical case: Prefeasibility Study of a Cogeneration System for Energy Autonomy in within SFID and the Mbang Community in Eastern Cameroon. To do this, we made a direct observation with the town of Mbang and at the SFID level in particular. The reference case shows us that the population of Mbang and the SFID use a conventional electrification system characterized by the use of a generator for electricity needs. The cost of the KWh is evaluated at 250FCFA. The drying needs are provided by a boiler with a capacity of 3200Kwth using the wood residues from the sawmill as a primary energy source. The proposed case which is the cogeneration system gives rise to the desire to save energy and reduce GHGs. this system offers us for the energy autonomy of SFID an electrical energy of 6106 Mwhe produced annually and thermal heat of 10845 Mwhth produced from a single fuel of approximately 6340 tonnes of annual biomass for energy production, equivalent17 tonnes/day. This same system provides energy to the national network or village rural electrification network of around 1384 Mwhe per year. the heat and electricity peaks are provided respectively by a generator which supplies an energy of 720Mwhe representing approximately 12% of the production of the cogeneration plant and a boiler which supplies approximately 1219Mwhth per year. The cost of electricity of the proposed case is 50FCFA for the SFID and 50FCFA for the national rural electrification network. The overall investment cost of the cogeneration system is CFAF 1,657,890,044, and the operating cost is CFAF 222,732,808. The viability criteria for this project listed the NPV at 726,124,808 FCFA. The capital recovery period is 3 years over the duration of the project (20 years). The internal rate of return is 56.4% which is higher than the discount rate. Project revenues are based on the sale of electricity on the national grid or on the village electrification network which is valued at FCFA 69,190,540. On the other hand, we have the income linked to the reduction of GHGs amounting to FCFA 4,033,4113. the gross annual reduction in GHG emissions is 96% of tCO2 in the proposed case or approximately 8,299.2 tCO2 per year. The equivalent of this reduction is 763.3 hectares of carbon-absorbing forest.