Conception et réalisation d’un système intelligent de gestion optimal du trafic routier à l’aide des capteurs infrarouge aux intersections.

Abstract

Traffic lights have been created in order to manage the circulation of road users (cars and people) at the level of intersections/junctions thus ensuring the fluidity of traffic and preventing accidents. Due to the great variability of traffic, the existing traffic management systems in Cameroon have been proven to be ineffective, obliging a policeman to station himself to ensure the regulation of the circulation manually. In regards to this end of year memory, we proposed to ourselves the conception of a tool enabling the management of traffic flows in real time at the level of the intersection. This work consists rendering traffic management dynamic in a three-colored junction. This system of traffic management in real time is made-up of two sensors located on each way on a well-defined distance. These sensors periodically emit infrared rays enabling the detection of vehicles present at a precised distance is instantly known. To achieve this, we have used the software Proteus to do the electronic set up containing all the components which will serve at the implementation of the system and next to generate the artwork. The software menu Arduino Mega on its part, helped us at programming the microcontroller with its different functionalities. It is the programming which gives this dynamism; for it permits the assignation of a variable time period to the green light depending on the occupational rate of each way. The much appreciated results of the proposed in simulation have been very useful at the implementation of an advanced lay-out promoting the reduction of drivers’ waiting time at junctions.