Qualité du cadre et construction de l’identité chez l’adolescent refugié au Cameroun

Abstract

This study answers the following research question: how does the quality of the environment enhance the construction of the adolescent refugee? The adolescent refugee is an exposed subject, exposition in our context is a brutal acculturation that lead to the specific vulnerability of the subject. The acculturation setting is likened to the individual separation process that has to be built or, acculturation which is the lost of cultural identity could favour a rebirth or, in a disfunctioning case, the failure of the individual separation process. The adolescent refugee‟s identity takes a double polarity, a transcultural identity. On the reverse of this risk, gaps are caused and become the maker, but poorly filled which over determines exposure. The main objective of this research is to understand how the quality of the environment favours the building up of the adolescent refugee‟s identity. In order to come to a result (our objective) a semi directive interview was carried out on boys and girls of the secondary school aged between 12 and 14 years. The gotten information is then treated by the analysis of the contained material corresponding to the Freudian model made it possible to conclude that the quality of the environment could have a good have a good impact on the good development of the adolescent refugee identity. It is therefore an evidence that the environment function, the container function and the transitional function contribute to the build-up of the adolescent refugee identity. In order to arrive at this result, the study was based on the comprehensive realm taken from two subjects, a boy and a girl from a government high school in Yaounde aged between 12 and 14 years. The collected information that is later treated by the analysis of thematic containers brings out the difficulties the subjects encounter to adapt in school. The used strategies displayed by the subjects mostly reveal the assigned identity and the desired identity forms. This is the main aim for the quality of the setting which highlights less the exploration opportunity that the subject considers him/herself as a member of the group.