Pertinence de l’orientation-conseil dans l’élaboration du projet professionnel de l’élève dans l’enseignement secondaire général. Etude menée au Lycée de Ngousso-Ngoulmekong

Abstract

Various changes which are going on in the world of economy have a considerable influence in the job market. New qualifications and new skills become more and more indispensable to have a good job. These new demands do not leave the educative system indifferent notably, practices in guidance counseling. The module which the guidance counselor uses for the insertion of youths in the job market is the note book at logbook in Cameroon. This is theoretical, while the realities in the job market are practical. The elaboration of the professional or career project is very important in acquiring a job. This present research has an objective to show that access to a good job is a conscious construction which has as a base, criteria which are well elaborated. It is to bring students to know that acquiring a job is not by chance or luck. Where the following question arises: In which domains do the criteria of guidance determine effectively the elaboration of the professional project of the student? It is to give specific answers to the following questions: Does the personal knowledge determines the elaboration of the professional project? Does the guidance of the student determines the elaboration of the professional project? Does the social milieu determines the elaboration of the professional project? Do the political and economical milieu determine the elaboration of the professional project? The previous main question has this as an answer: the guidance criteria determine the elaboration of professional project depending on the competences of the reference work and the job reference. This general hypothesis has four steps where the analysis gives preference to qualitative, descriptive and correlative or reciprocal. In fact, we are trying to examine the link which exists between the pertinent guidance criteria and the elaboration of the professional project of the students. The analysis and interpretation of data collected from the field do not confirm the four hypothesis of the research, but show another reality of the practice of this activity in our government high schools notably: the absence of guidance or systematic follow up students in the elaboration of their professional project. If these secondary school students do not count of their personal knowledge, the social milieu, the guidance counseling, the political and economical environment, it is because foundations basics to construct the professional project are not defined.